borrow excavation Archives - Civil Engineering Tips

Stock piling
1 The stock piling area would be properly cleaned to be free from clayey or otherwise unsuitable and The contractor would exercise all reasonable care to avoid contamination of approved material by the inclusion of clayey or otherwise unsuitable from the floor of the borrow pit, from overburden or from unsuitable layers.

2 Drainage facilities would be provided by lowering the surrounding ground to avoid the undesirable changes in the moisture level due to the stagnation of water around the stock pile.

Safety Plan
1 Site Staff and Labor
• Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) such as safety boots and helmets would be provided with workers.
• All tools, plant, equipment and temporary facilities and all other items use to carry out the work should be in a safe, sound and good condition.
• Signalmen would be deployed if the work spaces disturb traffic flow in the main road. A traffic supervisor would also be deployed to take responsibility over the traffic control.
• First Aid Facilities: First aid facilities such as a first aid box would be made available for in case of minor injury treatment.

2 Safety Control
a. All workers would be educated in the use of excavators and backhoes, such as the excavator arm & bucket distance and buffer zone in order to prevent from injuries.
b. Signalmen would be deployed in order to alert workers and traffic on the road.

Environment Control
a. Strict environmental compliance would be implemented with regard to disposal of any demolished debris. The debris in question would be transported and dump in the disposal areas as approved by the Engineer.
b. Disposable materials would not be dumped into streams or unauthorized areas.
c. Every effort would be made not to disturb prevailing surface water run off. In case of prevailing surface water run off could be disturbed then investigation would be conducted to find out proper irrigation channeling system.

Social Aspect
a. Workers involved in construction in this area would be educated with regard to HIV/AIDS prevention. Separate HIV/AIDS prevention education program would be conducted along with Medical Officer of Health / Public Health Inspector.
b. Relevant authorities would be educated with regard to project affected people prior to start work in these areas. Leaflets and other sources of education material with regard to construction shall be distributed among the project affected people.
c. Every effort would be made to minimize the disturbance from the project.
d. If not convince to an affected person with regard to disturbances every effort would be made to direct them to Residents Engineer for amicable settlement.

Introduction
The borrow excavation shall consists the operations such as site clearing, stripping of the overburden and stockpiling. Excavation would only be proceeded where those sites have been approved as borrow sites to be used in the construction work.

Abreviation
QAE   – Quality Assurance Engineer
SE   – Site Engineer
TO   – Technical Officer
QAS   – Quality Assurance System
ME   – Materials Engineer (Contractor)
TS   – Technical Specification

Resource Allocation
Man power
• 1 No Supervisor.
• Un skilled labors
• Operators

Equipments
• Track Back-hoe loaders
• Dump trucks

Quality Control Procedures

Sampling and testing
Samples of soil would be taken from the borrow location and those samples would be placed in a polythene bag providing identification tag. All required tests would be carried out in the materials testing laboratory to confirm that those materials are in which category. After testing and with the satisfying results, excavation would be preceded and those materials would be stock piled at the site.

Even the materials are properly stock piled at the site the materials in the stock pile would be tested before issuing for the construction purpose. No materials would be allowed to execute in the construction work until the required tests are completed and satisfied.

Inspection Check list
To ensure that the all activities being performed with the expected quality, an inspection check list would be filled by the person in charge for the borrow excavation in case of preconstruction, during construction. The inspection check list shall include the specific requirements, safety and environmental measures. See Inspection Check List

Dimension control
In case of the excavation of borrow materials, it is essential to have the designated limits of the borrow site to maximize the quality of the borrow materials. When the excavation is beyond the designated limit, it tends to mix with unsuitable materials.

Methodology
Clearing of the borrow site
1 The location and dimensions of the borrow pits would be identified as instructed by the Engineer.
2 All ordinary jungles, stumps and roots would be removed by a manual mean or using any other suitable equipment within the approved borrow area.
3 All removed matters would be collected to a place and then they would be disposed to a suitable disposal location or burned at the site with the judgment of the Engineer.

Stripping of the overburden
1 The overburden would be removed up to the required depth by using suitable mechanical devise and those materials would not be allowed to mix with other materials classified as suitable for filling.
2 The all unsuitable materials would be disposed to a suitable disposal location by means of tipper trucks.

See Flow Chart of Borrow Excavation

Excavation
1 Borrow excavation would be carried out using a Back-hoe loader and would be properly stock piled with well-drain facilities. The material from the borrow pits would be blasted, ripped and excavated in a manner that will ensure the effective breaking down of the material in the borrow pit before it is loaded.
2 Rippable material which tends to break into large blocks would be cross ripped. Borrow materials would be confirmed to the requirement before the application. Dump trucks would be applied for the transportation of borrow material.

See Check List of Borrow Excavation